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What is san mai? San Mai is a term used to describe laminated steel, a sandwich of blade steel in the middle and cladding of some sort on the sides. The cladding can be another blade steel or something that will not harden, the point is more that when the finished blade is etched, the different materials will contrast. The difference when working with San Mai is mostly about making sure you expose a similar amount of core steel on each side when grinding, and that final step of etching the blad …